One of the main issues is that the field of alien abduction rarely wants to look at the real issues around the use of hypnosis, still continuing to think hypnosis is without reproach. Among these risks/issues, the potential for therapists to inadvertently lead their patients into forming incorrect or false beliefs through suggestive questioning stands out as a significant concern. I say belief rather than memories as technically a memory is recalling something that actually happened, a belief is where we think something happened. So I still believe the use of the phrase ‘False Memory Syndrome’ is misleading and should actually be ‘False Belief Syndrome’.

Understanding the Influence of Hypnosis

Hypnosis creates a state of heightened suggestibility, where the individual’s receptiveness to suggestions is significantly increased. This state can be beneficial for therapeutic purposes, such as modifying behaviors, improving mental health conditions, and managing pain. However, the very nature of this suggestibility also makes individuals vulnerable to the influence of leading questions, which can plant ideas or memories that may not be accurate or true.

The Dangers of Leading Questions

Research has demonstrated that the way questions are framed during hypnotherapy can significantly influence the patient’s recall and beliefs. Leading questions—those that suggest a specific answer or contain implicit information—can create and reinforce memories that align with the suggestion, rather than the truth. This issue is particularly acute in cases involving memory recall, such as those dealing with past traumas or forgotten experiences (Diamond, 1980; Lynn et al., 1996).

Case Studies and Research Findings

Several studies highlight the risks associated with the use of leading questions in hypnotherapy. Diamond (1980) discusses the legal implications in forensic settings, where hypnosis is used to enhance memory recall in witnesses. The study cautions that even well-intentioned suggestions can lead to fabricated memories, significantly impacting the outcome of legal cases. Similarly, Scheflin (1994) identifies hypnosis as a potent influence, capable of altering a person’s perception of reality, which can lead to significant psychological distress if misused.

So whilst I am not questioning the use of hypnosis as a tool, I am questioning the role of the therapist and their training. There are way too many people involved in abduction research who have had very little training. In my forthcoming book, I look at the role of hypnosis, the dangers involved as well as a brief study on therapists working in the UK and their skills in regard to hypnosis. To ensure that abducteesget the support they need, we need well trained therapists.

Minimizing the Risks

To reduce the risks associated with leading questions in hypnotherapy, I recommend several best practices:

1. Use of Open-Ended Questions: Therapists should use open-ended questions that allow patients to explore their thoughts and memories without undue influence. This approach helps in preserving the integrity of the therapeutic process and the authenticity of the patient’s experiences (Eimer, 2012).
2. Training and Awareness: Therapists must receive thorough training in the ethical use of hypnosis. They need to be aware of the power of suggestion and the potential for harm that comes with it. Ongoing education in the latest research and techniques is crucial for maintaining ethical standards (Orne, 1953).
3. Informed Consent: Patients should be fully informed about the nature of hypnosis and its potential risks. This includes discussing the possibility of creating false memories or beliefs due to leading questions. Informed consent ensures that patients are aware of what the therapy entails and the potential outcomes.
4. Monitoring and Supervision: Especially in cases where hypnosis is used for sensitive or potentially traumatic memories, sessions should be appropriately documented, and, where possible, supervised by another professional. This practice helps in safeguarding against the misuse of hypnosis and provides a safeguard for both patient and therapist.

While hypnotherapy offers significant therapeutic benefits, the use of leading questions can undermine its efficacy and ethical foundation. By understanding the risks and implementing stringent safeguards, therapists can harness the power of hypnosis responsibly and effectively, ensuring that the therapeutic goals are achieved without compromising the psychological well-being of their patients.